Pontificio Santuario della Scala Santa

Interesting facts

1. 1

   The 28 marble steps are covered by walnut wood planks installed in 1723 to prevent the stone from wearing away under the weight of millions of pilgrims.

2. 2

   The Sancta Sanctorum, located at the top of the stairs, was the only surviving part of the original Lateran Patriarchate after the 16th-century renovations.

3. 3

   The term 'Acheropita' for the sanctuary's icon comes from the Greek meaning 'not made by human hands'.

4. 4

   Underneath the wooden steps, there are small glass-covered openings that allow pilgrims to view the original marble beneath.

5. 5

   The sanctuary is physically linked to the Archbasilica of St. John Lateran, one of the four major papal basilicas in Rome.

Overview

The Pontificio Santuario della Scala Santa houses 28 white marble steps believed to have been climbed by Jesus Christ to reach Pontius Pilate's praetorium in Jerusalem. Transported to Rome in the 4th century by Saint Helena, the stairs are encased in protective wood and must be ascended only on one's knees. The sanctuary incorporates the Sancta Sanctorum, the original private chapel of the Popes, which contains the Acheropita icon, an image traditionally believed not to be made by human hands. The complex serves as a major site for Catholic pilgrimage and prayer. The current building was designed by Domenico Fontana in the late 16th century, commissioned by Pope Sixtus V to preserve the relics. The sanctuary remains a functional religious site where pilgrims perform the ritual ascent in silent devotion. Adjacent to the Holy Stairs are parallel staircases provided for pedestrians who do not wish to perform the kneeling pilgrimage.

Insider tips

• Prepare to move slowly, as the ascent on knees can take significant physical effort.

• Maintain silence while inside the sanctuary to respect those currently performing the ritual ascent.

• Dress conservatively as this is an active, sacred religious site.