The apse mosaic includes 12 lambs representing the Apostles, flanking the central cross.
The interior columns are made of Greek marble quarried from the island of Proconnesus in the Sea of Marmara.
Despite being a major cathedral, the church is located in the archaeological area of the ancient Roman port city of Classe, which is now several kilometers inland due to soil sedimentation.
The ceiling of the central nave consists of open wooden trusses, contrasting with the elaborate mosaics below.
The sarcophagi lining the aisles date from the 5th to the 8th centuries and reflect changing artistic styles in Byzantine funerary art.
The Basilica of St. Apollinaris in Classe is a UNESCO World Heritage site located five kilometers south of Ravenna's center. Consecrated in 549 AD, it stands as one of the most significant examples of Byzantine architecture in Italy. The apse contains a prominent 6th-century mosaic depicting Saint Apollinaris, the first bishop of Ravenna, amidst a lush, flowered landscape. Above the saint, a large jeweled cross set against a starry sky represents the Transfiguration. The church features an 11th-century cylindrical brick bell tower that remains intact. Ancient marble sarcophagi of various archbishops are positioned along the side aisles. The original marble floor remains largely preserved, though some areas have been restored over the centuries. Its remote location away from the city center helped protect the interior from historical urban development. The basilica is dedicated to Saint Apollinaris, whose relics were housed here before being moved to the city center in the 9th century.
From the center of the nave looking directly toward the apse to frame the full mosaic composition.
Use the available audio guides to understand the complex theological symbolism within the apse mosaics.
Bring binoculars to examine the intricate details of the high-level mosaics more closely.
Visit during the shoulder seasons to avoid the crowds that frequent Ravenna's more central sites.
Do not visit expecting to see the saint's relics, which were moved to the Basilica of Sant'Apollinare Nuovo in the city center during the 9th century.
Open daily, though often restricted during religious services or private functions.
Shoulders and knees must be covered; maintain a quiet tone as it is an active religious site.
