The bridge is formed by training the roots of Ficus elastica, a rubber fig species native to the region.
The structure takes 15 to 30 years to become functional, as the roots must reach the opposite bank to be woven.
Unlike man-made bridges, living root bridges actually gain structural integrity as the trees age and the roots thicken.
The double-decker design was developed to prevent the lower bridge from being submerged during the intense monsoon floods of the Cherrapunji region.
The bridge can support the weight of up to 50 people at a time if distributed correctly.
Local Khasi villagers have cultivated these bridges for centuries as a sustainable solution to cross rain-swollen streams.
The bridge exists in an ecosystem that receives some of the highest annual rainfall levels on Earth.
The Umshiang Double-Decker Living Root Bridge is a bio-engineered structure created by guiding the aerial roots of Ficus elastica trees across the Umshiang River. It is located in the village of Nongriat within the East Khasi Hills of Meghalaya, India. The bridge consists of two tiers, with the upper level added several decades ago to remain accessible during high monsoon water levels. The entire structure is maintained by the local Khasi community using traditional indigenous engineering techniques. Visitors reach the site by descending approximately 3,000 stone steps from the village of Tyrna. The roots grow stronger over time as the trees continue to thrive, allowing the bridge to support the weight of multiple people simultaneously. The surrounding environment is a humid, subtropical forest canopy. The bridge is part of a larger network of root bridges found in the region, but this specific site is noted for its dual-tier architecture.
From the elevated rock ledge on the opposite side of the river for a full profile view of both tiers.
Bring a sturdy walking stick, as the steep stone stairs are strenuous on the knees.
Carry plenty of water and snacks, as there are limited facilities on the descent.
Wear shoes with high-traction outsoles to prevent slipping on mossy or wet stone steps.
Attempting the trek during heavy rain, as the stone steps become extremely slick and dangerous.
Avoid jumping or running on the bridge to preserve the root structure; do not litter in the protected forest area.
