The reserve is situated on the East Atlantic Flyway, a primary migratory route for birds traveling between Arctic breeding grounds and wintering areas in Africa and Western Europe.
Conservationists use Konik horses, a breed that closely resembles the extinct Tarpan, to naturally graze and maintain the reserve's open meadow landscape.
The area was formerly utilized for agricultural purposes before being designated as a nature reserve in 1975.
The site hosts a unique 'bird observation wall' that allows visitors to view nesting activity without disturbing the waterfowl.
The brackish water ponds within the reserve are artificially managed to ensure specific salt concentration levels conducive to rare plant and animal species.
The Wallnau Waterbird Reserve is a 300-hectare nature conservation area located on the western coast of Fehmarn island, operated by NABU. It serves as a vital resting and breeding ground for thousands of migratory birds along the East Atlantic Flyway. The landscape consists of a diverse mosaic of ponds, reeds, grasslands, and meadows protected by an inland dike. Visitors navigate the area via a circular trail system that includes several observation hides and blinds. The site features an educational visitor center detailing the local ecosystem and current conservation projects. Grazing Konik horses and Galloway cattle are used as natural landscape managers to maintain the grassland habitats. The reserve is entirely situated within a protected status zone, necessitating strict adherence to marked paths.
The elevated observation towers overlooking the central pond systems provide the widest panoramic views of the reserve.
Bring high-quality binoculars, as many observation hides are located at a distance from the water's edge to avoid startling the birds.
Wear wind-resistant clothing, as the exposed coastal location on the Baltic Sea experiences significant wind chill regardless of the air temperature.
Apply insect repellent during the summer months, particularly near the reed beds and standing water.
Attempting to leave the marked trails or approaching wildlife, which causes significant stress to migratory species.
The visitor center and certain paths operate on seasonal hours, typically closing during the winter months when the area is less accessible.
Stay strictly on designated paths to protect sensitive nesting sites; dogs must be kept on a short leash at all times.
