The name 'Tikus' (Rat) refers to the local belief that the site was a nesting ground for rats that infested nearby rice fields before its excavation.
The structure is built entirely of red terracotta bricks, characteristic of Majapahit-era construction methods rather than the volcanic stone found in Central Javanese temples.
The central podium is tiered, resembling Mount Mahameru, a common motif in Hindu-Buddhist cosmology representing the center of the universe.
The site was buried under volcanic ash and soil for centuries, which helped preserve the structural integrity of the delicate brickwork.
It is one of the few surviving examples of a royal bathing complex from the 14th century, showcasing early Indonesian irrigation and water engineering.
The interior walls contain 29 fountain heads designed to channel water into the pool for ritual purification.
The layout suggests it was not intended for large-scale public use, but rather as a private retreat for the Majapahit royal family.
Candi Tikus is a unique archaeological site in Trowulan featuring a sunken rectangular ritual bathing pool constructed from red brick. Unlike traditional Indonesian temples that stand vertically, this site is a water-management structure dating back to the Majapahit Empire. The complex consists of a central terraced pedestal surrounded by water, with various miniature stupas and water spouts arranged along the inner walls. It was discovered by accident in 1914 by local villagers attempting to combat a rat infestation, which gives the site its name, meaning 'Rat Temple'. Excavations revealed that the pool was likely a petirtaan, or royal bathing place, used by Majapahit nobility. The structure reflects advanced ancient hydraulic engineering, utilizing a sophisticated drainage and water distribution system. The site is situated within the heart of the former Majapahit capital city, Trowulan. It serves as a rare example of secular or recreational architecture from a period otherwise dominated by religious monuments.
From the upper ground level looking down toward the center, which captures the entire symmetry of the pool and the surrounding park.
Bring a hat and sunscreen, as there is almost no natural shade within the sunken area of the ruins.
Wear comfortable walking shoes with good grip, as the brick steps can be uneven and slippery if damp.
Visit during the dry season to see the pool at its best, as heavy rains can lead to muddy conditions or excess water levels.
Do not attempt to walk on the narrow, fragile brick edges of the pool walls.
Maintain a respectful distance from the ruins, do not climb on the brick structures, and keep noise levels low.
