Excavations revealed ancient lotus-shaped roof tiles and dragon-head carvings from the Ly Dynasty.
The D67 Bunker still contains the original military maps and communication equipment used during the conflict in the 1960s.
The Flag Tower, completed in 1812, was used as an observation post by the French military due to its height.
The site was the location of the first independent Vietnamese imperial capital after a thousand years of Chinese rule.
Underground layers indicate that the citadel was built directly over the ruins of previous fortresses, creating a 'living' history timeline.
The site was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2010 to mark the 1,000th anniversary of Hanoi.
Archaeologists found thousands of ceramic pieces that demonstrate early trade connections with China, Japan, and Western Asia.
The main gate, Doan Mon, was reserved exclusively for the Emperor's passage.
The citadel features a rare collection of 20th-century underground bunkers built by the French and later used by the North Vietnamese military.
The site's layout adheres to traditional geomantic principles, aligning with the cardinal directions and the proximity of the Red River.
The Imperial Citadel of Thang Long is a UNESCO World Heritage site representing 13 centuries of continuous power in Hanoi. Construction began in the 11th century under the Ly Dynasty and served as the political center of Vietnam until 1810. The site preserves significant remnants of the Forbidden City, including stone carvings, palace foundations, and an iconic 1950s military command bunker. Archaeological excavations at 18 Hoang Dieu street have uncovered a dense layering of artifacts from the Ly, Tran, and Le dynasties. The site contains the Flag Tower of Hanoi, an early 19th-century structure that escaped destruction during French colonial urban planning. Visitors can walk through the D67 tunnel, which served as the headquarters for the Vietnam People's Army during the Vietnam War. The grounds encompass extensive gardens and restored gates that reflect traditional Vietnamese imperial architecture blended with French colonial influence. The site spans over 18,000 square meters of excavated ruins. It remains one of the most significant archaeological sites in Southeast Asia.
The view of the Flag Tower of Hanoi from the entrance courtyard.
Bring a hat and sunscreen as much of the excavated site is exposed to direct sunlight.
Visit the underground D67 bunker separately from the outdoor archaeological ruins to ensure enough time for both.
Rent an audio guide at the entrance to better understand the complex archaeological layers.
Do not attempt to walk on fragile excavation surfaces; stick to designated visitor pathways.
Closed on Mondays.
Maintain a respectful tone in the D67 bunker and historical exhibition areas; dress modestly, covering shoulders and knees.
