The Whin Sill rock at the falls is a layer of igneous dolerite that intruded into existing limestone layers during the early Permian period.
The river here marks the historical boundary between the traditional counties of Durham and Yorkshire.
The waterfall is divided by a large central island, which remains visible except during extreme flood conditions.
The name 'High Force' is derived from the Old Norse word 'foss', meaning waterfall.
The plunge pool at the base of the waterfall is estimated to be approximately 6 meters deep.
High Force is one of the most powerful waterfalls in England, with the River Tees plunging 21 meters over a precipice of Whin Sill dolerite. The waterfall splits into two distinct channels: a narrow, powerful torrent on the left and a wider, flatter cascade on the right. It is located within the North Pennines Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty and UNESCO Global Geopark. The site features a well-maintained woodland walk that connects the main viewing area to the river's edge. The geological rock formation here dates back approximately 295 million years to the Carboniferous period. During periods of heavy rainfall, the river can swell significantly, altering the appearance and intensity of the falls. The site is privately owned and managed as part of the Raby Estate. Access to the waterfall involves a marked path through pine forest and moorland landscapes.
The lower riverbank viewing platform provides the most dramatic angle looking directly up at the full height of the cascade.
Wear waterproof hiking boots, as the woodland paths can become muddy and slippery regardless of the season.
Walk to both the top viewing area and the lower riverbank for two completely different perspectives of the falls.
Bring a waterproof jacket, as the heavy spray from the falls creates a localized mist that can soak visitors.
Do not attempt to swim in the river, as the currents and submerged rocks are extremely dangerous; avoid visiting during peak weekend afternoons if you prefer a quieter experience.
Stick to designated footpaths to protect the sensitive flora of the North Pennines; dogs must be kept on short leads due to livestock in surrounding fields.
