The pagoda was originally built as a nine-story structure before suffering partial collapse due to invasions and age.
The stones used for the pagoda were fashioned to look like bricks, a technique influenced by Chinese brick architecture of the Tang dynasty.
The base of the pagoda is protected by stone guardian statues carved in a style characteristic of the mid-7th century.
The site is associated with the monk Wonhyo, who lived and practiced here after his expulsion from other temples.
The temple was one of the 'Seven Holy Sites' of the Silla capital, Gyeongju.
Archaeological findings in the stone well included copper bowls, coins, and Buddhist ornaments, providing a timeline of historical offerings.
The andesite stone used for the pagoda is sourced from the volcanic deposits found in the Gyeongju region.
The monument to Wonhyo was erected during the Goryeo Dynasty to honor his contribution to Korean Buddhist thought.
Bunhwangsa Temple, established in 634 CE during the reign of Queen Seondeok of the Silla Kingdom, is primarily recognized for its unique stone-brick pagoda. The pagoda is constructed from andesite blocks cut to resemble bricks, a deviation from the granite stone pagodas typical of the era. Originally reaching nine stories, only three levels of the structure remain today. The site houses a significant stone lantern, stone flagpoles, and the Hwajaeng Guksa Monument dedicated to the monk Wonhyo. Excavations have revealed a stone well known as Samnyong-byeokdal, believed to have been used for Buddhist rituals. The temple grounds retain a serene, open layout that contrasts with the heavily reconstructed palace sites nearby. It remains an active place of worship with ongoing maintenance focused on preserving the remaining stone masonry.
From the front path looking upward at the stone-brick pagoda with the temple courtyard as a frame.
Walk around the perimeter of the stone-brick pagoda to see the distinct stone-carved guardians at each corner.
Check the grounds for the stone well and the commemorative monument located near the perimeter walls.
Visit during the lotus blooming season, when the temple gardens are filled with water-based flowers.
Do not mistake the modern temple buildings for the ancient Silla-period ruins; respect the restricted areas around the historic stone relics.
Maintain a quiet tone in accordance with the site's status as an active place of worship; do not climb on the stone structures.
