The park protects the largest remaining area of the Atlantic Forest in southern Brazil.
Iguaçu is derived from the Tupi-Guarani words 'y' (water) and 'ûasú' (big).
The waterfall system consists of 275 individual drops varying between 60 and 82 meters in height.
The park's basalt formations date back to the Cretaceous period, created by massive lava flows.
Over 800 species of butterflies have been identified within the park's protected limits.
The park shares a border with the Iguazú National Park in Argentina, allowing for transboundary ecosystem management.
The volume of water reaching the falls can fluctuate significantly depending on upstream dam usage and rainfall patterns.
The park hosts a research center dedicated to the conservation of the broad-snouted caiman.
Iguaçu National Park protects one of the world's largest waterfall systems, spanning approximately 2.7 kilometers in width along the border between Brazil and Argentina. The park encompasses a subtropical rainforest that serves as a critical habitat for endangered species including jaguars and giant otters. It is a UNESCO World Heritage site recognized for both its biodiversity and its hydrological significance. The infrastructure includes a system of elevated walkways that provide direct proximity to the 'Devil's Throat' cascade. Most of the water flow originates from the Iguaçu River basin before plunging over the basalt cliffs. The site is characterized by significant mist production, which supports unique micro-climates along the canyon walls. Visitors access the main viewing areas via a dedicated transport system operating within the park boundaries. The park is home to a high density of coatimundis, which are frequently encountered along the tourist trails.
The elevated observation deck at the terminus of the Cataratas Trail provides the most direct view of the Devil's Throat.
Bring a high-quality waterproof cover for your camera and phone, as the spray from the falls is constant and heavy.
Wear footwear with strong grip, as the walkway surfaces become perpetually slick and wet.
Keep all food items securely stored inside bags, as the local coatimundis are skilled at raiding snacks from visitors.
Avoid rushing through the trail; the mist density changes rapidly, and waiting a few minutes often reveals the falls behind the spray.
Do not feed or touch the local wildlife, as they carry pathogens and can be aggressive.
