The '401' in the name refers to the altitude of the peak, which is exactly 401 meters above sea level.
The trail features a nine-story observation tower at the summit that adds extra elevation to the total height.
The stairs are constructed primarily of wood and are designed to minimize soil erosion on the steep slope.
Guishan Island is an active volcano, and the climb passes through areas where steam vents are occasionally visible.
The island is designated as an ecological protection area, strictly limiting human impact to preserve its natural state.
401 Highland is the highest point of Guishan Island (Turtle Island) in Toucheng Township, Yilan County. Accessible via a challenging wooden staircase consisting of 1,706 steps, the path climbs through dense coastal forests to a concrete observation pavilion. The summit offers a 360-degree panoramic view of the Pacific Ocean and the entirety of the volcanic Guishan Island. The trail is part of the Guishan Island ecological protection area managed by the Northeast and Yilan Coast National Scenic Area. The site serves as a vantage point for viewing the unique fumaroles and sulfur deposits located at the island's southern peak. Due to strict ecological conservation policies, the trail has limited daily visitor capacity and requires prior permit registration. The landscape is characterized by rugged, steep volcanic topography and distinct transition zones of endemic flora. Visitors can observe the 'turtle head' peninsula which features active underwater hot springs.
The top level of the observation pavilion, providing the widest frame of the coastline and the island's unique shape.
Bring a minimum of two liters of water, as there are no facilities or water sources once you begin the ascent.
Wear moisture-wicking clothing and sturdy hiking shoes with good grip for the steep, uneven steps.
Apply high-SPF sunscreen and carry a hat, as the trail is almost entirely exposed to direct sunlight once you break the tree line.
Do not attempt the hike if you have knee issues, as the 1,706-step descent is notoriously taxing on joints.
Closed during winter months and typhoon season; requires mandatory online permit application in advance for access.
Strict 'leave no trace' policy: remove all trash from the island; do not disturb local flora or fauna.
