The unique shapes of the beech trees are the result of historical pruning practices used to produce charcoal.
The forest floor is characterized by an exceptionally thick layer of moss that thrives in the high-humidity environment.
Otzarretako Pagadia sits at the base of the Gorbeia mountain, which is the highest peak in the provinces of Bizkaia and Araba.
The forest is part of the extensive beech forests of the Urkiola and Gorbeia mountain ranges, which are protected under European conservation directives.
Otzarretako Pagadia is a distinctive beech forest located within the Gorbeia Natural Park in the Basque Country. The woodland is defined by its ancient, pollarded beech trees, which possess twisted, gnarly trunks and moss-covered branches. The site is crossed by a small, shallow stream known as the Zubizabala Erreka that creates a focal point for the forest floor. The canopy creates a dense, low-light environment that persists even during summer months. This area is a protected habitat within the broader Gorbeia massif ecosystem. Its terrain is relatively flat compared to the surrounding mountain slopes, making it a distinct micro-habitat.
The wooden footbridge crossing the Zubizabala Erreka, capturing the stream winding between the twisted beech trunks.
Wear waterproof hiking boots, as the forest floor remains muddy and damp year-round.
Bring a tripod if you intend to photograph the forest, as the dense canopy limits natural light even during the day.
Stay on the clearly marked paths to protect the delicate moss and fern ecosystem.
Do not attempt to hike to the Gorbeia summit from this specific point without proper equipment and topographical maps, as it is a separate, strenuous route.
Practice 'Leave No Trace' principles; do not pick flora, disturb the moss, or leave litter.
