Badut Temple

Interesting facts

1. 1

   The temple was dedicated to the Hindu deity Agastya, a sage traditionally associated with the spread of Hindu culture in Southern India and Southeast Asia.

2. 2

   Excavations revealed that the temple was once surrounded by a defensive wall, a unique feature for temples of its era in this region.

3. 3

   The name 'Badut' is derived from the Javanese word for 'clown', though linguists believe it may actually be a local corruption of the Sanskrit term 'Bhatut' or 'Bhattara', referring to a lord or deity.

4. 4

   Unlike many later East Javanese structures that utilize red brick, Badut Temple is composed entirely of grey volcanic andesite stone.

5. 5

   The interior chamber contains a yoni, a symbol representing the goddess Parvati, indicating the temple's Shaivite alignment.

Overview

Badut Temple is recognized as the oldest Hindu temple in East Java, dating back to the 8th century during the Kanjuruhan Kingdom. The temple was constructed in 760 AD according to the Dinoyo inscription discovered nearby. It features a square base design typical of Central Javanese architecture despite its location in the East. Dutch archaeologist B. de Haan led the primary reconstruction efforts in 1927. The site was rediscovered in 1921 after being buried by volcanic material from Mount Kawi. It consists of a main temple chamber and a smaller perimeter structure, both primarily built from andesite stone. The temple served as a place of worship for King Gajayana's royal lineage.

Insider tips

• Arrive early in the morning to capture the best natural light on the grey stone carvings.

• Check the surrounding local village area, as the temple is situated within a residential neighborhood rather than an isolated archaeological park.

• Hire a local guide to translate the significance of the remaining relief carvings, as signage is minimal.