The refuge was established in 1963 primarily to protect migratory bird habitat.
It is part of the extensive Atlantic Flyway, a major north-south flyway for migratory birds in North America.
The refuge underwent a massive salt marsh restoration project starting in 2014 to combat sea-level rise and saltwater intrusion.
It provides critical nesting habitat for the endangered Delmarva fox squirrel.
The site contains over 10,000 acres of protected wetlands and upland habitats.
Horseshoe crabs spawn on the refuge's beaches along the Delaware Bay during late spring.
The refuge is situated on the Delmarva Peninsula, known for its diverse coastal ecosystems.
Prime Hook National Wildlife Refuge is a 10,144-acre sanctuary located along the western shore of the Delaware Bay. The landscape consists of freshwater marsh, brackish marsh, salt marsh, forest, and agricultural fields. It serves as a vital stopover for migratory birds along the Atlantic Flyway, particularly during spring and fall migrations. The refuge features several miles of hiking trails that traverse different ecological zones, including boardwalks over wetlands. Fishing is permitted in designated areas, including Turkle Pond and along the canal. The site plays a significant role in coastal flood protection and habitat restoration projects. Wildlife commonly spotted includes bald eagles, great blue herons, and various waterfowl. Visitor facilities are centralized near the headquarters on Turkle Pond Road.
The boardwalk overlook at Turkle Pond, which provides a panoramic view of the marshland and local birdlife.
Bring high-quality insect repellent, as the marshy environment is home to significant mosquito and biting fly populations.
Carry binoculars, as the refuge is a premier site for birdwatching in Delaware.
Check the refuge website or kiosk for current trail conditions, as paths can occasionally flood during high tides or heavy storms.
Attempting to hike trails without bug spray or visiting during high tide if you are unfamiliar with local trail flood patterns.
Stay on marked trails to protect sensitive marsh habitats and observe wildlife from a distance; pets must be kept on a leash.
