The arch is estimated to be approximately 2.5 billion years old, dating back to the Proterozoic Era.
It is one of the very few natural rock arches in Asia.
The structure is composed of quartzite, a metamorphic rock derived from sandstone.
The arch measures approximately 8 meters in width and 3 meters in height.
Scientific studies suggest the formation was shaped by wave action during the Cuddapah Basin's existence when the region was submerged.
It sits at an altitude of approximately 900 meters above sea level in the Tirumala hill range.
Shilathoranam is a rare geological rock formation characterized by a natural arch created by intense weathering and seismic activity over millions of years. Located in the Tirumala hills, this 25-foot wide and 10-foot high arch represents a significant geo-heritage site recognized by the Geological Survey of India. The structure consists of sedimentary quartzite, reflecting two distinct stages of deposition in the pre-Cambrian period. Geologists attribute the formation to the combined effects of wind erosion and water flow over roughly 2.5 billion years. The site is situated near the S.V. Vedic University and serves as an educational location for understanding regional geological history. Its unique shape is often visually compared to a serpent hood or a garland, which carries cultural significance for local pilgrims. The site is maintained as a preserved geo-heritage zone to prevent environmental damage to the brittle rock formation.
The elevated viewing platform provides the clearest angle to capture the full span of the arch without including ground-level obstructions.
Bring a hat and sunglasses as there is very limited natural shade around the rock formation.
Visit during the early morning to avoid the strongest sun and crowds.
Keep a safe distance from the base of the arch to avoid disturbing the fragile geological surface.
Do not attempt to climb or walk under the arch, as the rock is fragile and the area is restricted for conservation.
Maintain silence, do not climb on the rocks, and refrain from leaving litter, as it is a protected heritage site.
