Anhydrite rock expands by approximately 60% when it converts to gypsum, causing the cave walls to ripple and curl.
The cave contains subterranean lakes that appear exceptionally clear due to the lack of suspended sediment.
It is one of only two gypsum caves worldwide that is open to the public as a show cave.
The cave temperature remains stable at approximately 9 degrees Celsius regardless of external weather conditions.
The name is derived from the legend of Emperor Frederick Barbarossa, who is said to reside in the depths of the Kyffhäuser mountains.
The Barbarossa Cave (Barbarossahöhle) is one of only two globally accessible anhydrite caves, characterized by its unique gypsum-based rock formations. Located within the Kyffhäuser Geopark, the cave features vast, subterranean lakes with high mineral content that create distinct mirror reflections. The walls of the cave display a distinctive 'curly' gypsum structure, a geological phenomenon caused by the hydration of anhydrite into gypsum. It was discovered in 1865 during mining excavations for copper shale. The site is historically associated with the Frederick Barbarossa legend, which claims the emperor sleeps within the mountain. The tour path covers approximately 800 meters of the 15,000 square meter cave system. Artificial lighting is utilized to illuminate the underground grottoes and water surfaces. The cave maintains a constant internal temperature throughout the year.
The edge of the underground lakes, where the cave ceiling reflects perfectly in the still, mineral-rich water.
Wear a jacket and sturdy, non-slip footwear, as paths can be damp and the temperature remains consistently cool.
Allow time to visit the museum shop at the entrance to learn about the regional geology before descending.
Bring a camera capable of low-light photography, but note that tripods are generally restricted during guided tours.
Do not attempt to touch the cave water or stray from the designated path, as the gypsum floors are sensitive and can be slippery.
The cave is closed annually during the winter season, typically from mid-December until the start of the spring season.
Do not touch the cave walls or gypsum formations as oils from skin can damage the delicate crystal structures; stay with the guided group at all times.
