The caves were created by carving into the Bunter Sandstone, a soft rock formation common to Nottingham.
During World War II, the caves were repurposed to provide shelter for up to 10,000 residents during aerial bombardment.
Evidence of medieval tanneries exists within the network, identifiable by the presence of large stone vats used to process hides.
The site includes a preserved Victorian-era underground dwelling, demonstrating the harsh living conditions of the city's poorest residents during the 19th century.
Nottingham's nickname as the 'City of Caves' is derived from the more than 800 individual man-made caves discovered across the city.
City of Caves is an extensive network of over 500 hand-carved sandstone caves located beneath the streets of Nottingham. These subterranean spaces date back to the Anglo-Saxon period and have served various functions including tanneries, air-raid shelters during World War II, and Victorian-era slums. The site features preserved Victorian-style dwellings and an underground water cistern. Visitors follow a self-guided tour path that descends into these historical chambers. The caves are managed by the National Justice Museum. The unique soft sandstone geology allowed residents to carve directly into the rock face for centuries. The site provides a rare perspective on the city's medieval and industrial history. It remains one of the largest networks of its kind in the United Kingdom.
The entrance area where the transition from modern street level to the historical sandstone tunnel is most dramatic.
Wear comfortable, flat, closed-toe walking shoes as the floors are uneven and can be damp.
The temperature remains cool year-round in the caves, so bring a light jacket even during the summer months.
Use the provided audio guide to fully understand the historical context of each chamber.
Attempting to explore the caves without a guide or outside of designated path hours, as the network is vast and unstable in non-tourist sections.
Operates on a seasonal schedule with reduced capacity and occasional closures during winter; always check for maintenance updates on the official website.
No flash photography is allowed in certain sensitive areas; keep voices low to respect the confined acoustic environment.
