The arch was incorporated into the medieval city walls as the Porta Aurea, or Golden Gate, which prevented its destruction during the Middle Ages.
The reliefs on the inner vault show the sacrifice of a bull, a rare depiction of an imperial Roman religious ritual.
Unlike most triumphal arches, the relief program depicts both military campaigns and peaceful administrative policy, such as the 'alimenta' program for orphans.
The arch was built to celebrate the completion of the Via Traiana, which drastically reduced travel time between Rome and the port of Brindisi.
The architect is believed to be Apollodorus of Damascus, the same architect credited with Trajan's Forum in Rome.
Local tradition historically called the arch the 'Porta Aurea' because it was the most beautiful entrance to the city.
The Arch of Trajan in Benevento is one of the best-preserved Roman triumphal arches, commissioned by the Roman Senate in 114 AD to honor Emperor Trajan. It marks the opening of the Via Traiana, a shorter route from Benevento to Brindisi that bypassed the older Appian Way. The structure is constructed from limestone blocks clad in white marble, standing 15.6 meters tall. Its four main facades and attic are covered in high-relief sculptures depicting Trajan's military victories in Dacia and his domestic administrative achievements. Unlike many other Roman arches, it features a single, vaulted passage that has remained structurally sound for nearly two millennia. It served as a symbolic gateway into the city and was integrated into the medieval city walls, which helped protect it from stone robbing. The reliefs on the monument offer a detailed iconographic program of Roman imperial ideology and governance. As of June 2026, the arch remains a central cultural landmark in the urban fabric of Benevento.
From the pedestrian walkway directly in front of the arch for a symmetrical wide shot of the main facade.
Walk around the perimeter to view the high-reliefs from different angles, as the lighting changes the visibility of the carvings.
Combine your visit with a trip to the nearby Santa Sofia complex to see its UNESCO-listed cloister.
Bring a camera with a good zoom lens to capture the fine detail of the attic sculptures, which are difficult to see clearly from the ground.
Do not attempt to touch or lean on the reliefs, as the marble is susceptible to erosion from oils and friction.
Maintain a respectful distance from the masonry to preserve the ancient stone surface.
