Excavations in the caves revealed the remains of wolverine and reindeer, providing evidence of the local climate during the last Ice Age.
The caves were discovered accidentally in 1860 when lead miners were prospecting for ore in the Greenhow Hill area.
The cave system was formed by the dissolution of Great Scar Limestone by acidic rainwater over hundreds of thousands of years.
The 'Reindeer Cavern' is one of the most significant areas due to the high density of prehistoric animal fossils discovered there.
The site operates as a private family-run attraction, distinct from many state-managed cave systems in the UK.
Stump Cross Caverns is a natural limestone cave system located within the Nidderdale Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. Discovered by lead miners in 1860, the caves feature extensive stalactite and stalagmite formations, including a notable 'Reindeer Cavern' where prehistoric bone fragments were excavated. The site maintains a constant subterranean temperature of approximately 7 degrees Celsius year-round. Visitors access the cave through a modern visitor center that includes a cinema and a café. The limestone formations date back millions of years to the Carboniferous period. The cave system is situated near the B6265, one of the highest roads in North Yorkshire.
The main cavern chamber, which offers the most expansive view of illuminated stalactite formations.
Wear sturdy, non-slip footwear as cave floors can be damp and uneven.
Bring an extra layer of clothing, as the consistent cave temperature feels significantly cooler than the surface, even in summer.
Utilize the on-site audio guide to better understand the geological history of the specific chambers.
Attempting the cave tour if you have severe claustrophobia, as some sections require walking through narrow and low-ceilinged passageways.
The attraction remains open throughout the year but may close during periods of extreme adverse weather that make access to Greenhow Hill dangerous.
Do not touch the limestone formations, as oils from human skin can permanently halt the growth of stalactites.
