The wilderness area contains the remnants of an 1800s iron furnace, with stone structures still visible along the St. Mary’s River trail.
The St. Mary’s River within the wilderness is one of the few streams in the region managed as a wild trout fishery, supported by natural reproduction.
The area's topography is defined by the Blue Ridge Mountains, with elevations ranging from approximately 1,200 feet at the trailhead to over 3,500 feet on the ridges.
It was formally designated as a Wilderness area by the U.S. Congress under the Virginia Wilderness Act of 1984.
The river gorge acts as a microclimate, often remaining cooler than the surrounding forest due to the deep valley and cascading water.
St. Mary’s Wilderness is a 9,835-acre protected area in the George Washington National Forest, characterized by rugged topography and significant elevation changes. The centerpiece is the St. Mary's River, which flows through a deep, steep-walled gorge featuring multiple cascades and pools. The area encompasses the site of the former St. Mary's Iron Works, which operated from the mid-19th century until 1883. Visitors primarily access the area via the St. Mary's River Trail, an old roadbed that follows the river upstream for several miles. The terrain transitions from rocky streambeds to high-elevation ridges, offering habitat for black bears and diverse native flora. Hunting and fishing are permitted in accordance with Virginia state regulations. Because it is a designated Wilderness area, motorized vehicles and mountain bikes are strictly prohibited within its boundaries. The area is maintained in its natural state, meaning trail maintenance is minimal and some crossings may lack bridges.
The large waterfall and blue-tinted pool located at the end of the main river trail.
Wear sturdy, waterproof hiking boots as the trail requires multiple crossings of the St. Mary's River.
Use a topographic map or GPS-enabled hiking app, as trail markings are intentionally sparse to preserve the wilderness character.
Pack a water filtration system, as there are no potable water sources in the backcountry.
Attempting the trail during or immediately after heavy rainfall, as the river level can rise rapidly and make crossings dangerous.
Open year-round, though forest service roads accessing the trailhead may be closed during severe winter weather.
Practice 'Leave No Trace' principles: pack out all trash, do not disturb historical iron furnace ruins, and keep dogs on a leash.
