The reserve protects the headwaters of the Iguaçu and Guandu rivers, which are essential for the water supply of the Rio de Janeiro metropolitan area.
It contains significant archeological remains of the Estrada Real, an 18th-century trade route that connected the port of Paraty to the mining regions of Minas Gerais.
The area hosts the rare and endangered muriqui-do-sul, the largest primate in the Americas.
It is classified by the Brazilian National System of Conservation Units (SNUC) as a 'Biological Reserve', the most restrictive category, prohibiting direct human impact.
The topography includes steep slopes reaching altitudes of over 1,500 meters, contributing to its distinct microclimates.
Reserva Biológica do Tinguá is a strictly protected conservation area spanning over 26,000 hectares of Atlantic Forest in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Established in 1989, the reserve is a crucial part of the Serra do Mar corridor and serves as a vital water catchment area for the Baixada Fluminense region. It contains diverse ecosystems, including montane rainforests and high-altitude grasslands, supporting numerous endemic species. The reserve encompasses parts of the municipalities of Nova Iguaçu, Duque de Caxias, Petrópolis, and Miguel Pereira. It is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site as part of the Atlantic Forest South-East Reserves. Due to its status as a Biological Reserve, public access is highly restricted and requires authorization from ICMBio for research or educational purposes. The area contains historical ruins from the colonial period, specifically remnants of the Estrada Real do Comércio. The reserve acts as a sanctuary for endangered fauna such as the jaguar and various endemic birds. It remains one of the largest and most well-preserved tracts of the Atlantic Forest biome.
The overlooks along the access perimeter providing views of the Serra do Mar peaks.
Strictly follow all instructions from ICMBio as unauthorized entry is a violation of federal environmental law.
Contact the local ICMBio administrative office in advance if planning a legal research-based visit.
Expect rugged, mountainous terrain and ensure you are prepared for rapid weather changes.
Do not attempt to enter unmarked trails or restricted zones without official permits, as patrols are active.
Public visitation is largely prohibited; entry is strictly regulated by ICMBio for researchers and authorized personnel.
Strict 'leave no trace' protocols apply; no flora or fauna may be collected or disturbed.
