The lagoon was constructed in the 1560s as part of the hydrological infrastructure for the Royal Palace of Aranjuez.
It was historically known as the 'Mar de Ontígola' due to its large size relative to other bodies of water in the region.
The water is naturally saline, which dictates the unique botanical composition of the surrounding flora.
The site is designated as a 'Reserva Natural' to protect its wetland ecosystem from urban and agricultural encroachment.
It is a significant observation point for species like the white-headed duck and various types of herons.
The Mar de Ontígola is a wetland nature reserve originating from a 16th-century reservoir commissioned by King Philip II to irrigate the gardens of the Royal Site of Aranjuez. It is a manmade lagoon situated in the municipality of Ontígola, serving as a critical habitat for migratory birds in the Castilian plateau. The reserve is characterized by dense reed beds and halophytic vegetation adapted to the saline composition of the lagoon waters. It occupies a strategic position within the Tagus River basin, functioning as an important stopover for waterfowl. The site is protected for its ornithological value and ecological restoration efforts aimed at preserving endemic flora. The lagoon environment is predominantly flat, surrounded by agricultural landscape and gypsum hills.
The elevated observation points along the perimeter path offering clear views across the water toward the gypsum hills.
Bring high-quality binoculars as the wildlife can be skittish and distant from the paths.
Wear insect repellent, especially during the warmer months, due to the wetland habitat.
Use sturdy, closed-toe footwear as the terrain near the water's edge can be muddy and uneven.
Attempting to walk off-trail into the reed beds, which are protected and environmentally fragile.
Stay on marked trails to protect sensitive nesting grounds; do not feed wildlife; keep noise levels low to avoid disturbing birds.
