The 31-degree north latitude line also passes through parts of Egypt, Iraq, and the southern United States.
The observatory is located within the Special Protection Zone of the Kirishima-Kinkōwan National Park, requiring adherence to strict environmental conservation rules.
The location serves as a primary viewing point for the Osumi Peninsula's unique subtropical vegetation, which includes species not found in mainland Japan's northern regions.
The North Latitude 31⁰ Observatory Square marks the exact latitudinal line passing through the southernmost point of mainland Japan. Located within the Kirishima-Kinkōwan National Park, the square provides panoramic views of the Osumi Peninsula's rugged coastline and the Pacific Ocean. A monument at the center serves as a geodesic marker, highlighting the unique geographical position of Minamiosumi. The site is situated along the walking trail leading toward the Sata Cape Lighthouse. Visitors can observe the transition between the East China Sea and the Pacific Ocean from this vantage point. The area remains protected under the strict regulations of the national park to preserve its endemic flora and geological features.
The Latitude 31-degree monument marker with the ocean horizon in the background.
Bring binoculars for spotting marine life and distant islands on the horizon.
Wear sturdy walking shoes as the path to the square involves uneven terrain and elevation changes.
Stay on the marked trails to avoid damaging the protected ecosystem of the national park.
Do not attempt to hike the trails after sunset due to poor lighting and local wildlife activity.
Carry out all trash, as there are no public waste bins; do not disturb or collect local flora and fauna.
