Lake Biwa is estimated to be 4 million years old, making it one of the world's few ancient lakes.
It is home to approximately 60 species and subspecies of endemic fish, mollusks, and crustaceans.
The lake provides essential drinking water for the cities of Kyoto and Osaka.
The 'Eight Views of Omi' is a series of traditional landscape scenes centered around the lake's aesthetic beauty.
It contains the small island of Chikubu-shima, which houses the Hogon-ji temple.
The lake serves as a primary source of water for the Yodo River system.
Its maximum depth reaches approximately 104 meters in the northern basin.
Several unique species of endemic 'Biwa trout' are found exclusively within these waters.
Lake Biwa is Japan's largest freshwater lake, occupying approximately one-sixth of Shiga Prefecture's total land area. It acts as a critical water reservoir for over 15 million people living in the Keihanshin metropolitan region. The lake is considered one of the oldest in the world, with geological origins dating back approximately 4 million years. Its basin supports a high level of biodiversity, hosting over 1,000 species of plants and animals, including several endemic to the lake. The water level is regulated by the Seta River weir to prevent flooding and manage downstream supply. Biwa-ko is surrounded by various cultural sites, including multiple UNESCO World Heritage sites within its watershed. The lake is also a significant transit route for cargo and passenger vessels connecting various lakeside towns.
The floating torii gate of Shirahige Shrine, which appears to rise directly out of the lake water.
Rent a bicycle to explore the well-maintained cycling paths that loop around significant portions of the shoreline.
Visit the smaller port towns like Hikone or Omihachiman to experience historic canal districts near the lakefront.
Check local weather reports specifically for the lake, as conditions can change rapidly compared to the nearby mountains.
Attempting to swim in areas not designated as public beaches, as currents can be unpredictable.
Respect local fishing regulations and do not disturb wildlife or protected shoreline vegetation.
