The bricks were joined using a unique, possibly resin-based mortar that is more durable than traditional lime-based mortar.
The central statue of the Mukha-linga features a human face modeled after the historical King Po Klong Garai.
Unlike many other Cham sites that face the sea, these towers are oriented toward the east to align with Hindu sunrise rituals.
The towers were built at the end of the 13th century, marking the final major period of classical Cham construction.
The complex was declared a special national monument by the Vietnamese government in 1979.
The fire tower, or Kosagrha, is traditionally believed to be the place where offerings were prepared for the king’s spirit.
The Po Klong Garai Cham Towers are a collection of three 13th-century Hindu temples built during the reign of King Jaya Simhavarman III to honor the legendary King Po Klong Garai. Located on Trau Hill in the Do Vinh ward of Phan Rang, the site represents the pinnacle of late Cham architectural style known as the Thap Mam style. The complex consists of the main sanctuary (Kalan), a gate tower (Gopura), and a fire tower (Kosagrha). The towers are constructed from fired brick joined with a specialized organic adhesive that has resisted weathering for centuries. The main tower houses a Mukha-linga, a rare linga carved with the face of the king. It remains an active site of worship for the local Cham community, particularly during the annual Kate Festival. The masonry exhibits intricate carvings of deities and floral motifs characteristic of the Panduranga era.
The wide-angle vantage point from the path leading up the hill, capturing all three towers against the sky.
Visit during the early morning to avoid the intense midday sun and heat of the open hill.
Walk around the perimeter of the towers to view the decorative bas-reliefs on the exterior walls.
Stay on the marked paths to avoid disturbing the surrounding natural brush and sacred areas.
Avoid touching or climbing on the ancient brickwork, as the soft, fired bricks are prone to erosion.
Dress modestly by covering shoulders and knees; remove shoes before entering the temple interiors.
