The park is situated on an uplifted coral reef, meaning much of its soil and base consists of ancient marine fossils.
The Formosan rock macaque population is the only primate species native to Taiwan and is highly active in the park.
Geological survey results confirm that the mountain is still gradually rising due to tectonic activity.
The park contains hidden air-raid shelters and military bunkers constructed during the mid-20th century.
Some limestone formations have developed into 'karst' landscapes, leading to naturally occurring deep sinkholes and caves.
Shoushan National Natural Park is Taiwan's first national natural park, characterized by its uplifted coral reef limestone terrain. The area serves as a significant ecological corridor featuring a unique tropical limestone forest ecosystem. It is home to a high density of Formosan macaque populations that roam freely throughout the trails. The limestone geology creates a complex system of caves, crevices, and weathered rock formations known as 'karst' topography. Historically, the area functioned as a restricted military zone, which facilitated the preservation of its natural flora and fauna. Visitors can observe significant elevation changes within a compact geography, offering views overlooking the Kaohsiung port and the urban skyline.
The Longquan Temple trail area for city-to-sea panoramic views.
Keep all food items completely secured inside backpacks to avoid attracting aggressive macaques.
Carry at least one liter of water, as the limestone terrain is highly porous and the area lacks natural streams.
Wear sturdy, closed-toe footwear with grip to navigate the uneven, sharp coral rock trails.
Do not carry plastic bags or open food containers, as monkeys are trained by habit to associate them with snacks.
Do not feed or make prolonged eye contact with the macaques; carry your trash out of the park as there are no bins.
